Standard Penetrometer For Soil

Penetrometers are devices to measure the force needed to push a metal rod of known diameter into a growing medium. They may be hand operated and portable or machine driven and stationary. The cone penetrometer is supposed to represent a root growing through the material.A. Handheld cone penetrometer from US Army. B. Soil penetrometer, here an electronic model produced by the Dutch company Eijkelkamp, with automatic reading of soil resistance at determined depth.